Petra is a historical and archaeological site located in present-day Jordan. The word "Petra" originates from the Greek word "petros," which means rock or stone. It refers to the remarkable ancient city that was carved out of vibrant pink sandstone cliffs.
Petra is renowned for its breathtaking architecture, particularly its intricate rock-cut structures and ingenious water engineering systems. It flourished during the Nabatean Kingdom's rule from the 4th century BCE to the 1st century CE, serving as the capital and major trading hub. Due to its strategic location along camel caravan routes, Petra played a crucial role in facilitating trade between the Mediterranean Basin, Arabian Peninsula, and the Far East.
The most iconic structure in Petra is the Al-Khazneh, also known as the Treasury. This ornate mausoleum with its elaborate facade is an impressive example of the Nabatean architecture characterized by Hellenistic, Egyptian, and indigenous Arabian influences. Other notable structures within Petra include the Roman Theater, the Ad-Deir Monastery, and the Great Temple.
Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985, Petra draws countless visitors from around the globe, who marvel at its archaeological wonders, sense of mystery, and historical significance. The city's remarkable preservation is attributed to its hidden location and protected by towering mountains and narrow canyons. Furthermore, the cultural significance and archaeological value of Petra have been further solidified by its inclusion in the New7Wonders of the World list in 2007.
