Alzheimer's type dementia, also known as Alzheimer's disease (AD), is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss. It is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of all cases.
This type of dementia is caused by the gradual accumulation of abnormal proteins, such as plaques of beta-amyloid and tangles of tau, in the brain. These protein deposits disrupt the normal functioning of brain cells and ultimately lead to their death, causing a progressive decline in memory, thinking, and behavior.
The symptoms of Alzheimer's type dementia typically begin with minor memory lapses and difficulty in recalling recent events. As the disease advances, individuals may experience confusion, disorientation, language difficulties, and impaired judgment. They may also exhibit changes in personality and mood, withdrawing from social activities or showing signs of depression and agitation. In the later stages of the disease, individuals may lose the ability to perform daily tasks, recognize loved ones, and communicate effectively.
While there is currently no cure for Alzheimer's type dementia, treatments focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Medications, such as cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, may be prescribed to temporarily alleviate cognitive issues. Additionally, non-pharmacological approaches, including cognitive stimulation, physical exercise, and social engagement, are commonly recommended to help slow down cognitive decline and enhance overall well-being.
