Benign Hereditary Chorea, also known as "BHC" or "Huntington disease-like 2" (HDL2), is a rare genetic disorder characterized by involuntary movements (chorea) and other neurological symptoms. It is classified as an autosomal dominant condition, meaning it tends to run in families and can be inherited from either parent.
The term "benign" in this context refers to the fact that the disease progression is generally slower and less severe than Huntington's disease (HD), another movement disorder with similar symptoms. However, it is important to note that "benign" does not imply the condition is without any health consequences or challenges for affected individuals.
Symptoms of Benign Hereditary Chorea typically begin in adulthood, between the ages of 30 and 50, although they can sometimes start earlier or later. These symptoms include uncontrollable jerky movements of the limbs, face, and other body parts, as well as muscle stiffness and difficulty with coordination. Other associated features may include cognitive decline, psychiatric disturbances, and speech difficulties.
Genetically, Benign Hereditary Chorea is caused by mutations in the Junctophilin-3 gene (JPH3). However, due to the rarity of this condition, much remains unknown about its exact underlying mechanisms and progression. There is currently no cure for BHC, and treatment mainly focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life through medications, physical therapy, and supportive interventions.
As with any medical condition, individuals suspected of having or being at risk of Benign Hereditary Chorea should consult with a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis, genetic counseling, and appropriate management.
