Collagen Type XI is a specific type of collagen protein that plays a crucial role in providing structural support and integrity to various tissues in the body, particularly in the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM is a complex network of proteins and molecules that surrounds cells, giving them structural support and maintaining tissue integrity.
Collagen Type XI belongs to the fibril-associated collagens (FACIT) family and consists of three different polypeptide chains, encoded by COL11A1, COL11A2, and COL2A1 genes. These chains combine to form a unique protein structure.
Collagen Type XI is primarily found in tissues like cartilage, bone, and connective tissues, where it provides tensile strength and structural stability. It is one of the major components of cartilage, which covers the ends of bones and supports joint movement.
The function of Collagen Type XI is closely related to its interaction with other collagen types such as Type II and Type IX. Together, they form a network of interconnected fibrils that enhance tissue strength and flexibility.
Mutations in the genes encoding Collagen Type XI can result in specific genetic disorders like Stickler syndrome and Marshall syndrome, which are characterized by abnormalities in the connective tissues.
Due to its importance in maintaining tissue integrity, Collagen Type XI has been extensively studied in the field of regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and the development of biomaterials for repairing and regenerating damaged or diseased tissues. Researchers continue to explore its potential therapeutic applications and study its role in various diseases and developmental disorders.
