CONIINE Meaning and
Definition
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Coniine is a highly toxic alkaloid compound derived from the hemlock plant (Conium maculatum). It is categorized as a secondary metabolite and neurotoxin due to its effects on the nervous system. Coniine is a colorless liquid with a distinct odor, often described as a sour, unpleasant smell similar to mouse urine.
In terms of its chemical composition, coniine contains a bicyclic structure known as a piperidine ring, which is fused to a pyridine ring. This unique structure gives coniine its toxic properties. The compound acts as a potent antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, inhibiting their normal functioning and leading to paralysis and eventually death.
Coniine has a long history of being used as a poison, with even small amounts being lethal to humans and animals. The toxicity of coniine is especially concerning due to its similarity to other plants, such as wild parsnip or water hemlock, which can be mistaken for edible plants and cause accidental poisonings.
Although highly toxic, coniine has also found limited uses in medicine and pharmaceuticals. It has been studied for its potential use as a muscle relaxant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic agent. However, due to its high toxicity and potential adverse effects, the use of coniine in medicine is limited.
Overall, coniine is a deadly toxin found in the hemlock plant, which is of significant interest due to its toxicity and potential medicinal properties.
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The active principle, C3H17N, of conium; a colorless, odorless fluid; coniine hydrobromide, a crystalline powder, has been employed in doses of gr. 1/100-1/20 (0.0006-0.003).
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
Common Misspellings for CONIINE
- conine
- connine
- coniene
- xoniine
- voniine
- foniine
- doniine
- ciniine
- ckniine
- clniine
- cpniine
- c0niine
- c9niine
- cobiine
- comiine
- cojiine
- cohiine
- conjine
- conkine
- conoine
Etymology of CONIINE
The word coniine originates from the plant called Conium maculatum, also known as poison hemlock. The term coniine specifically refers to a highly toxic alkaloid present in the plant. The etymology of coniine can be traced back to the Latin name of the plant, Conium, which in turn comes from the Greek word kôneion meaning hemlock.
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