Feline Infectious Peritonitides (FIP) is a fatal viral disease that affects domestic cats. It is caused by a coronavirus known as Feline Coronavirus (FCoV), which mutates and transforms into a more aggressive strain, leading to the development of FIP. The virus primarily targets and affects the cells of the cat's immune system, causing a range of symptoms and severe organ damage.
FIP can be classified into two main forms: the wet (effusive) form and the dry (non-effusive) form. The wet form is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the body cavities, such as the abdomen and chest, causing distension and difficulty breathing. On the other hand, the dry form primarily affects organs, particularly the kidneys, liver, and central nervous system, leading to neurological symptoms like seizures and paralysis.
Diagnosing FIP can be challenging due to the lack of specific tests, but it is often based on clinical signs, analysis of fluid samples, and histopathological examination. Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for FIP, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms and providing supportive care for the affected cat. The prognosis for FIP is generally poor, and affected cats often succumb to the disease within weeks or months of diagnosis.
Preventing FIP involves minimizing contact with infected cats and keeping the living environment clean and well-sanitized. Vaccines against FIP exist, but their efficacy is a subject of debate and controversy. Regular veterinary check-ups and maintaining a strong immune system can also help reduce the risk of FIP.
