How Do You Spell LYSINE HYDROXYLASE?

1. Lysine hydroxylase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in catalyzing the hydroxylation of lysine residues in various proteins and peptides. It belongs to the family of non-heme iron-dependent dioxygenases.

   When lysine hydroxylase acts on a substrate, it utilizes molecular oxygen (O2) and 2-oxoglutarate as co-substrates. This process leads to the hydroxylation of specific lysine residues within target proteins, resulting in the formation of hydroxylysine. Hydroxylysine is an important modification that can significantly impact the structure, stability, and function of the associated proteins.

   The hydroxylation reaction mediated by lysine hydroxylase is considered to be post-translational modification, meaning it occurs after the synthesis of the protein. This modification is widespread and found in various proteins, including collagen, which is an essential component of connective tissues. Hydroxylation of lysine residues in collagen is critical for stabilizing the protein structure and providing structural strength to tissues like skin, bones, and tendons.

   Lysine hydroxylase enzymes have been identified in various organisms, including animals, plants, and bacteria. They generally exhibit substrate specificity and preferentially hydroxylate specific lysine residues in target proteins. The activity of lysine hydroxylase enzymes can be regulated by a range of factors, such as the availability of co-factors, interaction with other proteins, and post-translational modifications.

   Overall, lysine hydroxylase is a crucial enzyme involved in the hydroxylation of lysine residues in proteins and has significant implications for protein structure and function.

Common Misspellings for LYSINE HYDROXYLASE

The word "Lysine Hydroxylase" has the following etymology:

1. Lysine: Lysine is an α-amino acid that is commonly found in many proteins. The name "lysine" is derived from the Greek word "lys" meaning "loosing" or "releasing", as it was first isolated from casein, a milk protein that is easily soluble in water.

2. Hydroxylase: The suffix "-ase" in biochemistry usually denotes an enzyme, which is a protein molecule that catalyzes a specific biochemical reaction. The term "hydroxylase" refers to an enzyme that adds a hydroxyl group (-OH) to a substrate. The word itself is derived from "hydroxyl", which is a chemical group consisting of one oxygen and one hydrogen atom (-OH).