Subacute Bacterial Endocarditides refers to a collective term used to describe a group of infections characterized by the inflammation of the inner lining of the heart and heart valves. It is primarily caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and settling within the cardiac structures. This condition is considered subacute because it develops gradually over weeks to months.
The infection typically occurs when bacteria from other parts of the body, such as the mouth or skin, enter the bloodstream as a result of certain medical procedures or activities that can cause the lining of the blood vessels to become damaged. The bacteria then adhere to the damaged areas within the heart, leading to the formation of large clumps called vegetations.
The symptoms of subacute bacterial endocarditides vary depending on the severity and affected valve, but commonly include fever, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and a new or changed heart murmur. The condition can lead to serious complications such as heart failure, stroke, and abscess formation.
Diagnosis of subacute bacterial endocarditides often involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, blood tests to check for signs of infection, and imaging studies such as echocardiography to visualize and assess the condition of the heart valves.
Treatment for subacute bacterial endocarditides usually involves a combination of long-term antibiotic therapy and, in some cases, surgical intervention to repair or replace damaged heart valves. Prognosis varies depending on factors such as the specific bacteria involved, extent of valve damage, and timeliness of treatment initiation.
