The western fence lizard, scientifically known as Sceloporus occidentalis, is a reptile species belonging to the family Phrynosomatidae. It is commonly found in the western regions of North America, ranging from British Columbia down to northwest Baja California and eastward into Nevada, Utah, and parts of Arizona.
This species is characterized by its medium-large size, with adults typically measuring between 2.8 and 7.5 inches in length, and its distinct blue belly with black spots. Its dorsal scales exhibit various colors, including gray, brown, or black, with dark crossbands that fade as the lizard matures. The western fence lizard also possesses keeled scales on its tail and body, contributing to its rough-textured appearance.
These lizards are arboreal and can be found basking on rocks, fences, or tree trunks, hence the name "fence lizard." They are quite agile climbers and are adept at maneuvering through trees, shrubs, and other vegetation. They feed on a varied diet consisting of insects, spiders, and other small invertebrates.
One remarkable feature of the western fence lizard is its ability to counteract the harmful effects of Lyme disease. When bitten by infected ticks, these lizards produce a protein in their blood that kills the bacteria responsible for the disease, preventing its transmission. This unique defense mechanism has contributed to extensive research on the potential medical applications of their blood properties.
Overall, the western fence lizard is a fascinating reptile notable for its appearance, ecological role, and intriguing relationship with disease prevention.
